Agriculture in INDIA and AMERICA.
Agricultural development means improvement in agriculture so as to increase farm production.
It is Major crops essential for improving food security (availability of food and accens to It). We say there is food security when enough food for all the people is available at a times and all the people have access to it. Some of the ways in which farm production can be increased are bringing more land under cultivation, improving Irrigation, and using scientiflc farming methods modern farm machines, high-ylelding varieties of seeds and good fertilisers and pesticides. In India, agricultural development has taken place in limited areas only. Most Indian farms are st awalting measures for development. For a bette: assessment of agricultural development in India, kt us see how an average Indian farm differs from a average farm in the USA. a more agricultural developed country.
An average farm :The following are characteristics of an average Indian farm in India
• The size of an average Indian farm is very small (less than one acre). This is chiefly due to the repeated division of a plot among the heirs of the cultivator generation after generation.
• The land is intensively cultivated. Usually, two or three crops are raised annually.
• The farm produce is used mainly for self-sustenance and there is very little surplus for sale.
• The use of machines is limited. Most farmers are too poor to afford expensive farm machinery. As the population is high, manual labour is cheap and is widely used in farm operations.
• There is limited use of chemical fertilisers, pesticides, high-yielding-varlety (HYV) seeds and modern methods of farming. This is partly due to the lack of awareness and partly due to poverty.
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